It is the process of surgically removing the gallbladder from the body. It is usually done due to problems such as gallstones or inflammation. It is performed laparoscopically by making small incisions in the abdomen. After gallbladder surgery, patients usually recover in a short time. Even without the gallbladder, the digestive system continues to function normally. Surgery is performed to relieve pain and prevent complications.
In what cases is gallbladder surgery performed?
Stone formation in the gallbladder is the most common reason for surgery. Gallstones can block the bile ducts, causing pain, inflammation, and infection. In this case, the gallbladder is usually removed. When the gallbladder becomes inflamed (acute cholecystitis), removal of this organ is often recommended. Surgery is necessary, especially if symptoms such as pain, fever and nausea are severe. If there are polyps in the gallbladder, if there are large polyps, surgical intervention is required because it carries the risk of cancer. In rare cases, if gallbladder cancer is diagnosed, removal of the gallbladder is vital. In cases where gallstones block the bile ducts, gallbladder surgery may be required due to the blockage. In such cases, the gallbladder is usually removed laparoscopically. Surgery is performed to relieve complaints and prevent serious complications.
How is Gallbladder Surgery Performed?
The patient is put to sleep with general anesthesia. The abdominal area is cleaned sterilely. In the laparoscopic method, small incisions are made and the gallbladder is accessed with the help of a camera. In open surgery, the gallbladder is accessed by opening the abdomen with a larger incision. In the laparoscopic method, 3-4 small incisions are usually made on the abdominal wall. In open surgery, an incision of approximately 10-15 cm is made in the upper right abdomen. The gallbladder is carefully separated from the area where it is connected to the liver. The bile ducts and veins are carefully cut and clipped. In the laparoscopic method, the gallbladder is removed through one of the small incisions. In the open method, it is removed through a large incision. The surgery area is checked for bleeding. When necessary, a drain is placed in the surgery area. The incisions are closed with stitches. In the laparoscopic method, smaller and more aesthetic scars remain. The patient is woken up and monitored. In the laparoscopic method, the hospital stay is usually 1-2 days, but in open surgeries this period may be longer. These steps cover the general procedure of gallbladder surgery.
Things to Consider After Gallbladder Surgery
Fatty foods may cause digestive difficulties after surgery. It is important to start with foods that are light, fat-free and easy to digest. Eating small, frequent meals can improve digestion. Drinking enough water is necessary to support the digestive system and keep the body hydrated. Fluid intake is of great importance, especially in the period after gallbladder surgery. Heavy physical activities should be avoided for the first few days. Slow walks and light exercises contribute to the healing process by increasing circulation. However, heavy lifting should be avoided for the period recommended by the doctor. Painkillers and other medications prescribed by the doctor should be taken regularly. If antibiotic treatment is applied against the risk of infection, care should be taken with this treatment. It is important to keep the stitches clean and dress regularly after the surgery. It reduces the risk of infection. In case of any redness, swelling or pain, the doctor should be informed. Immobility and some medications may cause constipation after surgery. Drinking plenty of water, consuming fibrous foods and using a mild laxative with the advice of a doctor can prevent this problem. It is important not to skip periodic doctor checks after surgery. These checks are necessary to evaluate how the healing process is progressing. It is important to pay attention to these basic recommendations. In this way, you can go through the post-gallbladder surgery process more easily and quickly.